What is Bariatric Surgery?

Bariatric surgery, also known as weight loss surgery, is a medical procedure designed to help obese individuals lose weight and improve their overall health. The primary purpose of bariatric surgery is to reduce the size of the stomach, limiting food intake and promoting weight loss.

Types of Bariatric Surgery

1. Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A surgical procedure that involves creating a small stomach pouch and rerouting the small intestine.
2. Sleeve Gastrectomy: A surgical procedure that involves removing a large portion of the stomach, leaving a narrow “sleeve” or tube-like stomach.
3. Adjustable Gastric Banding: A surgical procedure that involves placing an adjustable band around the upper portion of the stomach, creating a small stomach pouch.
4. Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch: A surgical procedure that involves removing a large portion of the stomach and rerouting the small intestine.
5. Gastric Balloon: A non-surgical procedure that involves placing a balloon in the stomach to reduce food intake.

Benefits of  Bariatric Surgery

1. Significant Weight Loss: Bariatric surgery can result in significant weight loss, often exceeding 50% of excess body weight.
2. Improved Health Conditions: Bariatric surgery can improve or resolve related health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea.
3. Enhanced Quality of Life: Bariatric surgery can improve overall quality of life, enabling individuals to engage in physical activities and enjoy social events.
4. Reduced Mortality Risk: Bariatric surgery can reduce the risk of mortality associated with obesity.

Risks and Complications

1. Surgical Complications: Bleeding, infection, and bowel obstruction.
2. Nutritional Deficiencies: Malabsorption of essential nutrients, such as vitamin B12 and iron.
3. Gastrointestinal Problems: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
4. Psychological Challenges: Depression, anxiety, and eating disorders.

Candidacy for Bariatric Surgery

1. BMI: A body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher, or a BMI of 35 or higher with related health conditions.
2. Failed Weight Loss Attempts: Previous unsuccessful attempts at weight loss through diet and exercise.
3. Medical Clearance: Clearance from a primary care physician and other specialists, as necessary.

Post-Surgical Care and Follow-Up

1. Dietary Changes: Adherence to a strict post-surgical diet, including small, frequent meals and avoidance of high-calorie foods.
2. Vitamin and Mineral Supplements: Regular intake of vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent nutritional deficiencies.
3. Follow-Up Appointments: Regular follow-up appointments with the surgeon and other healthcare providers to monitor progress and address concerns.